Abstract:
Security is an essential part of our daily lives, and to stay safe, strong security measures are a must. Traditionally, we have relied on metal locks to secure our doors. However, these old locking systems are no longer as safe as they once were—anyone with the right tools can break in, posing a serious risk to society.
To ensure 24/7 protection, we are introducing a Smart Door Lock based on IoT technology. This system uses an Arduino board, a keypad for entering a security password, and an LCD display. When the correct password is entered, the door unlocks for a set period and then automatically locks again. If an incorrect password is entered, the door remains locked, and the LCD displays “WRONG PASSWORD”.These smart locks are designed for high security and can play a significant role in building a safer and more secure India.
1.INTRODUCTION
Security has always been a fundamental aspect of human life, essential for protecting personal spaces, valuable resources, and sensitive information. Whether in homes, offices, schools, laboratories, or corporate environments, maintaining a secure space is crucial to preventing unauthorized access and safeguarding assets.
With the advancement of technology, security threats have also evolved, making it necessary to adopt robust access control systems capable of addressing modern challenges. Over time, security solutions have progressed from traditional locks and keys to more advanced methods such as password-protected systems, RFID authentication, biometric verification, OTP-based access, and cryptographic security protocols. However, as these systems develop, digital threats and breaches also continue to rise, demanding continuous innovation in protective measures.
One of the most practical and effective security solutions is the digital code lock—a system that grants access only when the correct password is entered. Widely used in homes, offices, lockers, and restricted areas, it offers enhanced safety by preventing unauthorized entry. Unlike conventional locks, which can be picked or bypassed, password-protected systems add an extra layer of security by requiring users to input a predefined code before gaining access.
This project focuses on the design and implementation of a password-based door lock system using an Arduino UNO. The system works by verifying the password entered by the user and unlocking the door only when it matches the stored code. If the entered password is incorrect, access is denied and the door remains locked, thereby preventing unauthorized entry. By integrating such a system into existing security setups, we can achieve a balance of enhanced protection, ease of use, and accessibility.
2.LITERATURE SURVEY
[1] Explains the application of a password-protected door lock system in various environments such as homes, offices, and personal desks. The system verifies the user-entered password for validity before granting access to authorized individuals. It serves as a cost-effective alternative to high-end locking systems that rely on technologies like retina scans, iris scans, or fingerprint recognition.
[2] Article describes the development of an Arduino UNO-based password-protected door lock system. The door unlocks only when the correct code is entered, granting access to the authorized user. This affordable solution offers a practical way for individuals to secure their valuables without investing in expensive security systems.low price in order to ensure the protection of their valuables.
[3] This study states how we may use an Android-based smart door lock system to address the issues of unwanted access, trespassing, and instruction. Also included in this concept is a Bluetooth module that serves as a communication channel between the Arduino Uno and a mobile phone. This application is simple to set up and maintain.
3.METHODOLOGY
Locking systems play a vital role in ensuring security, and most people still rely on traditional mechanical locks. However, in today’s modern world, IoT devices are widely used to provide advanced and reliable protection. An IoT-based locking system offers a modern solution that enhances the safety of our society.
The system consists of an Arduino UNO, a keypad, an LCD display, a servo motor, and connecting wires. First, a secure password is set for the door lock. Once the device is powered on, the servo motor is positioned in its locked state. The user enters the password using the keypad, and the Arduino reads and compares it with the stored password.
If the password matches, the servo motor rotates to unlock the door for a specific duration before automatically locking it again. If the password is incorrect, the door remains locked, and the LCD displays “WRONG PASSWORD”, prompting the user to try again.
This IoT smart door lock provides high security, is easy to operate, and offers a reliable and modern approach to access control.
4.ARCHITECTURE
Servo Motor – A servo motor is a compact yet powerful motor capable of precise movements. It is widely used in applications such as robotic arms, remote-controlled vehicles, and automated locking systems. In a password-based door lock, the servo motor functions as the locking mechanism. When the correct password is entered, it rotates to unlock the door. If the password is incorrect, it remains in its locked position, ensuring the door stays secure.
Keypad – The keypad serves as the system’s primary input device, allowing users to enter their password. It resembles a telephone number pad and typically features a 3×4 or 4×4 grid of buttons. When a button is pressed, the Arduino detects the corresponding input. If the entered sequence matches the stored password, the system grants access by unlocking the door. This simple yet effective interface makes the system both user-friendly and secure.
Arduino UNO – Acting as the brain of the system, the Arduino UNO processes inputs from the keypad, verifies the password, and controls the servo motor accordingly. It is a small, programmable circuit board powered by a microcontroller, making it ideal for DIY and embedded electronics projects. The Arduino executes the programmed logic to ensure smooth and reliable system operation, delivering a seamless user experience.
LCD Display (16×2) – A 16×2 LCD display provides real-time feedback to the user, enhancing interaction with the system. It can display messages such as “Enter Password”, “Access Granted”, or “Wrong Password, Try Again”. This visual communication keeps the user informed at every step, improving usability and adding an extra layer of clarity and security.
5.RESULT
The implemented door security system featuring a servo motor, LCD display, and keypad—effectively controls access through password protection while providing real-time feedback on door status. The system incorporates a lockout mechanism that activates after a set number of failed attempts, thereby preventing unauthorized access and enhancing overall security.
Advantages –
Simple and easy to use.
Provides an additional layer of security through password protection.
Offers real-time feedback via the LCD display.
Includes a lockout feature to deter repeated brute-force attempts.
Disadvantages –
Vulnerable to brute-force or password-guessing attacks if the password is weak.
Requires minimal physical force to damage the hardware components in some cases.
By integrating password verification, feedback display, and lockout functionality, this system offers a cost-effective and efficient solution for securing access points.
6.OUTPUT
7.CONCLUSION
In conclusion, enhancing door locking systems with smart features such as password protection and alert mechanisms can significantly improve security. This approach utilizes an Arduino microcontroller along with supporting hardware components, with the control logic programmed in Arduino C, to develop a functional and reliable prototype.
Password-based locking systems generally achieve an accuracy rate of 80–90%, depending on factors such as password strength and the user’s ability to remember and correctly enter the code. The likelihood of false positives is minimal, as access is granted only when the exact password is provided. However, false negatives can occur when users forget their passwords or make input errors, resulting in denied access.
While password-based systems offer moderate security, their effectiveness is heavily dependent on the complexity of the password and user behavior. This makes them potentially vulnerable to brute-force and other targeted attacks, highlighting the importance of combining them with additional security measures for optimal protection.
